Sucralfate

Sucralfate is a drug used to treat a number of different conditions affecting the gastrointestinal tract. These include the treatment of ulcerations in the stomach and intestines, symptomatic treatment of reflux disease and dyspepsia. This drug is an aluminum salt of sucrose sulfate.

Sucralfate is available by prescription only and is most commonly available as a tablet or suspension.

Pharmacodynamics

Sucralfate acts by binding proteins, pesin and bile acids. This forms a protective film over the ulcerations and the gastric mucosa. In addition, prostagalndins and growth factors are produced and mucus production is increased. This relieves inflammation and supports the healing process.

The exact mechanism of action is based on the complex formation between sucralfate and proteins from the exudate of the ulcerations. This forms a protective film that protects the mucous membrane from the protons of gastric acid (hydrochloric acid). Exactly how sucralfate increases the level of growth factors and mucus production is not yet fully understood.

Pharmacokinetics

Sucralfate is absorbed only in extremely small amounts and acts mainly locally. This drug contains aluminum, which can be absorbed into the body in very small amounts. In patients with reduced renal function, this amount may be higher. The main part of the ingested dose is excreted unchanged.

Drug interactions

Sucralfate increases the pH in the stomach, therefore some drugs may be less well absorbed. These include beta blockers, antibiotics, digitalis glycosides, theophylline and vitamin B12.

No overdoses with sucralfate have been observed to date.

There is no evidence that sucralfate is teratogenic or carcinogenic.

Side effects

The most common side effect is the occurrence of constipation. Occasionally, nausea and dry mouth may occur.